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Message Board > Switch la gi? Giai ma "bo nao" dieu phoi du lieu t
Switch la gi? Giai ma "bo nao" dieu phoi du lieu t
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Guest
Guest
Jan 18, 2026
7:53 PM

Trong kien truc ha tang vien thong, neu Router duoc vi nhu chiec cong ket noi the gioi Internet ben ngoai, thi Switch chinh la "vi tong quan" dieu hanh toan bo dong chay du lieu ben trong noi bo. Tuy nhien, nhieu nguoi van con mo ho ve khai niem Switch la gi va thuong nham lan no voi cac bo chia mang thong thuong.




Xem Chi Tiet Bai Viet Tai: Switch la gi

Bai viet nay se cung cap cai nhin chuyen sau ve thiet bi chuyen mach duoi goc do ky thuat va thuc tien van hanh.


Tham Khao: Switch la gi?



1. Dinh nghia chuyen mon: Switch la gi?



Switch (thiet bi chuyen mach) la thiet bi phan cung dong vai tro ket noi cac phan doan mang hoac cac thiet bi dau cuoi trong mot mang cuc bo (LAN). Ve mat ky thuat, Switch hoat dong tai lop 2 (Data Link Layer) cua mo hinh OSI.


Tham Khao: Switch la gi? "He than kinh" dieu phoi du lieu trong ha tang mang



Diem khac biet cot loi khien Switch tro nen thong minh chinh la kha nang xu ly du lieu dua tren dia chi MAC (Media Access Control). Thay vi gui thong tin tran lan den tat ca cac cong, Switch tao ra mot "mach ao" tam thoi giua nguon va dich, giup du lieu di dung dia chi can thiet ma khong gay anh huong den cac thiet bi khac.


Xem Them Tai: Switch la gi? "He than kinh" dieu phoi du lieu trong ha tang mang

2. Co che van hanh thong minh cua Switch


De hieu ro su vuot troi cua Switch la gi, chung ta can nhin vao cach no quan ly bang thong. Khi mot goi tin di vao cong, Switch se thuc hien 3 buoc:



Hoc (Learning): Ghi nho dia chi MAC cua thiet bi gui va luu vao bang chuyen mach (MAC Address Table).



Loc (Filtering): Kiem tra dia chi dich de xac dinh chinh xac cong ra.



Chuyen tiep (Forwarding): Day du lieu duy nhat den cong dich, giup giam thieu toi da hien tuong xung dot du lieu (collision).


Chinh nho co che nay, Switch giup mang LAN hoat dong o che do Full-duplex (song cong), cho phep gui va nhan du lieu cung mot luc ma khong gay tac nghen.


3. Phan loai Switch trong he thong vien thong thuc te


Tuy vao quy mo doanh nghiep, viec lua chon Switch se dua tren cac dong chinh sau:



Unmanaged Switch: Thiet bi co ban danh cho ho gia dinh hoac van phong nho, uu diem la "Plug-and-Play", khong can cau hinh.



Managed Switch: Day la phan khuc danh cho doanh nghiep can quan tri chuyen sau. Ban co the can thiep vao cau hinh VLAN de phan tach cac phong ban, thiet lap QoS de uu tien bang thong cho Voice/Video hoac bao mat cong ket noi.



PoE Switch: Dong Switch tich hop cap nguon dien qua day mang, giai phap toi uu cho he thong Camera IP va bo phat Wifi hien dai.


4. Tam quan trong cua viec dau tu Switch chat luong


Hieu duoc ban chat Switch la gi se giup doanh nghiep nhan ra rang: Day khong don thuan la mot bo chia cong. Mot thiet bi chuyen mach cao cap giup giam do tre (latency), tang tinh bao mat noi bo va la nen tang vung chac de mo rong ha tang trong tuong lai.


Khi du lieu tro thanh tai san lon nhat cua doanh nghiep, viec trang bi mot "bo nao" dieu phoi thong minh nhu Switch chinh la cach bao ve va toi uu hoa tai san do hieu qua nhat.

Tai thi truong vien thong day canh tranh, VTXVN noi bat la nha phan phoi co be day tren 10 nam kinh nghiem trong viec tu van va cung cap giai phap thiet bi mang chuyen sau. Chung toi hieu ro nhu cau cua khach hang tu nhung du an nho den he thong doanh nghiep lon. Su hai long cua hon 10 nghin khach hang da phuc vu chinh la dong luc de VTXVN tiep tuc mang den nhung san pham cong nghe tien tien nhat cung muc gia canh tranh nhat tai khu vuc Ha Noi.


#Switch_la_gi, #Switchlagi, #VTXVN, #VTXVN, #thiet_bi_mang,_vien_thong


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